Nginx是一个高性能的web和反向代理服务器，它具有很多优越的特性：

  • 作为web服务器，使用资源少，并发高
  • 做负载均衡服务器
  • 作为偶见代理服务器，
  • 安装简单，配置文件简洁

    Nginx的安装

  • 编译环境需要gcc，g++开发库之类，需要提前安装
  • Ubuntu平台编译环境命令
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    apt-get install build-essential
    apt-get install libtool

centos:
安装make
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
安装g++
yum install gcc gcc-c++

1.选定源码目录

cd /usr/local/src

2.安装PCRE库
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cd /usr/local/src
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.37.tar.gz 
tar -zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz
cd prce-8.37
./configure
make
make install
3.安装lib库
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cd /usr/local/src
wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.8
./configure
make
make install
4.安装ssl

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1t.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1t.tar.gz

5.安装Nginx
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cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.2

./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx \
--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf \
--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre=/opt/app/openet/oetal1/chenhe/pcre-8.37 \
--with-zlib=/opt/app/openet/oetal1/chenhe/zlib-1.2.8 \
--with-openssl=/opt/app/openet/oetal1/chenhe/openssl-1.0.1t

make
make install
6.启动

netstat -ano|grep 80 – 查询端口是否被占用
sudo /usr/local/nginx/nginx
浏览器访问：http://ip

7.常用命令
  • 启动：sudo /usr/local/nginx/nginx
  • 从容停止（等请求结束后关闭服务）
    ps -ef|grep nginx
    kill -QUIT nginx主进程号
  • 快速停止
    kill -TERM nginx主进程号
  • 强制停止
    kill -9 nginx主进程号
    或者：
    kill -QUIT cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid

Nginx配置

  • 创建Nginx运行使用的用户www

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    /usr/sbin/groupadd wwww
    /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

  • 配置nginx.conf

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    cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    user www www;
    worker_process 2; # 设置值与CPU核心数一致
    error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; # 日志位置和日志级别
    pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
    worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
    events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 65535;
    }
    http
    {
        include mime.types;
        default_type application/octet-stream;
        log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request"'
            '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                   '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
        # charset gb2312;
        
        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffer 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 8m;
        
        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush on;
        keepalive_timeout 60;
        tcp_nodelay on;
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
      fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
      fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
      fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
      gzip on; 
      gzip_min_length 1k;
      gzip_buffers 4 16k;
      gzip_http_version 1.0;
      gzip_comp_level 2;
      gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
      gzip_vary on;
     
      #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
      
      # server虚拟主机的配置
      server 
      {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        index index.html index.html index.php;
        root /usr/webserver/nginx/html; # 站点目录
        location ~.*\.(php|php5)?$
        {
          #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
          fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
          fastcgi_index index.php;
          include fastcgi.conf;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
        {
          expires 30d;
            # access_log off;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
          expires 15d;
        # access_log off;
        }
        access_log off;

      }
    }

  • 检查nginx.conf的正确性：
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

  • 其他常用命令
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    # 重新载入配置文件
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 
    # 重启Nginx
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen
    # 停止Nginx
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop